Positivism and Postpositivism: An Analysis of Paradigms of Science and Islamic Education in Indonesia

Sulhan Yus; Warul Walidin

doi:10.29300/attalim.v23i2.6364

Positivism and Postpositivism: An Analysis of Paradigms of Science and Islamic Education in Indonesia

Sulhan Yus, Warul Walidin

Abstract

ENGLISH:

Objective: The research aims to discover positivism and post-positivism from the point of view of science and Islamic education in Indonesia. Method: the research design uses the literature method, where researchers find, collect, process, parse, and present data from the results of literature reviews that are by the research objectives. This research was conducted in 2024. Data collection: data is collected through a literature review (research results). Data analysis: data analysis process through (1) data reduction, (2) data display, and (3) data presentation. Results and Conclusion: The findings reveal that positivism and post-positivism entered Islamic education in Indonesia during the new order government, which was marked by the emergence of faculties outside Islamic theological science and the study of general and religious sciences in Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia. However, this shift is not entirely the contribution of positivism and post-positivism. Contribution: This research contributes to the design of Islamic education curriculum. Positivism plays a role in formulating a curriculum based on facts and testable research results. At the same time, postpositivism encourages the curriculum to be relevant to students' social and cultural contexts.

INDONESIAN:

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana positivisme dan post-positivisme dari sudut pandang ilmu dan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Metode: desian penelitian menggunakan metode kepustakaan, dimana peneliti menemukan, mengumpulkan, mengolah, mengurai, dan menyajikan data dari hasil telesuran kajian literatur yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tahun 2024. Pengumpulan data: data dikumpulkan melalui telaah literatur (hasil penelitian). Analisis data: proses analisis data melalui (1) data reduction; (2) display data: (3) penyajian data: Hasil dan Kesimpulan: temuan mengungkap bahwa positivisme dan post-positivisme telah masuk kedalam pendidikan Islam di Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan orde baru, ditandai dengan munculnya fakultas-fakultas diluar keilmuan teologis Islam dan pengkajian ilmu umum dan agama di lembaga pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Namun pergeseran ini bukan sepenuhnya sumbangsih dari positivisme dan post-positivisme. Kontribusi: Penelitian ini berkontribusi terhadap desain kurikulum pendidikan Islam. Positivisme berperan dalam merumuskan kurikulum yang berbasis pada fakta dan hasil riset yang dapat diuji, sementara postpositivisme mendorong agar kurikulum tersebut relevan dengan konteks sosial dan budaya siswa.

Keywords

Positivism; Postpositivism; Paradigm of Knowledge; Islamic Education; Indonesia

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/attalim.v23i2.6364