The Role of Parental Attachment and Its Influence on the Emotional Intelligence of Preschool Children

Putri Cicilia Hanurawati, Aini Loita, Anggi Maulana Rizqi

Abstract


ENGLISH: This study examines the relationship between parental attachment and emotional intelligence in young children through a literature review approach. The method involves reviewing literature from relevant national and international scientific articles published within the last ten years. The findings indicate that secure attachment patterns positively contribute to children's ability to recognise, manage, and express emotions. Conversely, insecure attachment may increase the risk of emotional disorders, low emotional control, and difficulties in forming social relationships. This study concludes that healthy emotional attachment is a crucial factor in supporting children's emotional intelligence from an early age. The research implications emphasise the need for education for parents and caregivers to establish responsive and empathetic parenting patterns to support children's emotional development optimally.

INDONESIAN: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara attachment orang tua dengan kecerdasan emosi anak usia dini melalui pendekatan kajian pustaka (literature review). Metode yang digunakan berupa peninjauan literatur dari berbagai artikel ilmiah nasional dan internasional yang relevan, diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pola attachment yang aman (secure attachment) berkontribusi positif terhadap perkembangan kemampuan anak dalam mengenali, mengelola, dan mengekspresikan emosi. Sebaliknya, attachment yang tidak aman dapat meningkatkan risiko gangguan emosi, rendahnya kemampuan pengendalian emosi, serta kesulitan dalam menjalin hubungan sosial. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini adalah bahwa keterikatan emosional yang sehat menjadi faktor penting dalam mendukung kecerdasan emosi anak sejak dini. Implikasi penelitian menegaskan perlunya edukasi bagi orang tua dan pengasuh untuk membangun pola pengasuhan yang responsif dan penuh empati guna mendukung perkembangan emosional anak secara optimal.


Keywords


Attachment; Parents; Emotional Intelligence; Children; Preschool

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andira, F., Solfiah, Y., & Febrialismanto. (2022). Hubungan antara attachment pengasuhan dengan kecerdasan emosi anak usia dini. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 6(3), 830–837. https://doi.org/10.33578/pjr.v6i3.8788

Anggraini, H., & Sarah, E. (2016). Hubungan kelekatan dengan kecerdasan emosi dan penyesuaian sosial pada anak usia dini. Pedagogi, 2(3), 18–26.

Arianda, V., Salim, I. K., & Ruzain, R. B. (2022). Secure attachment (kelekatan aman) ibu dan anak dengan perkembangan sosial emosional pada anak. Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Psychology (JICOP), 1(2), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.25299/jicop.v1i2.8603

Delgado, E., Serna, C., Martínez, I., & Cruise, E. (2022). Parental attachment and peer relationships in adolescence: A systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(3), 1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031064

Dozier, M., & Bernard, K. (2017). Attachment and biobehavioral catch-up: Addressing the needs of infants and toddlers exposed to inadequate or problematic caregiving. Current Opinion in Psychology, 15, 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.003

Erika Ayu, L., Sofia, A., & Irzalinda, V. (2022). Pentingnya kelekatan ibu membangun kecerdasan sosial emosional anak usia 5–6 tahun. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 8(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpa.v8n1.23743

Gorrese, A., & Ruggieri, R. (2012). Peer attachment: A meta-analytic review of gender and age differences and associations with parent attachment. Journal of youth and adolescence, 41(5), 650-672. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9759-6

Hartini, L., Hunadar, J. ., & Pujiastuti, T. . (2024). Emotional Spiritual Quotient (ESQ) Approach and its Relevance to Problem Solving in Individual Counseling: An Examination of Ary Ginanjar Agustian’s Thought. International Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 1(2), 72–81. https://doi.org/10.64420/ijcp.v1i2.168

Hidayanti, A. N. (2022). Hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kecerdasan emosi (EQ) pada anak usia prasekolah (3–5 tahun) di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) Muslimat Getas Cepu Blora. The Shine Cahaya Dunia Kebidanan, 7(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.35720/tscbid.v7i01.347

Munawaroh, H. (2025). Pendidikan anak usia dini teori John Bowlby dalam pandangan psikologi Islam. Rumah Jurnal UIN Walisongo, 11(1), 1–14.

Novianti, N. (2024). Does the Process of Counseling Minors Require Parental Consent: Requirement or Necessity?. International Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 1(2), 62–71. https://doi.org/10.64420/ijcp.v1i2.170

Nurmalitasari, F. (2015). Perkembangan sosial emosi pada anak usia prasekolah. Buletin Psikologi, 23(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.22146/bpsi.10567

Pallini, S., Chirumbolo, A., Morelli, M., Baiocco, R., Laghi, F., & Eisenberg, N. (2018). The relation of attachment security status to effortful self-regulation: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 144(5), 501–531. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000134

Palmin, B., Sum, T. A., & Ndeot, F. (2023). Buku perkembangan anak usia dini. [Penerbit tidak disebutkan].

Popira, P., Hamzah, A., & Cindrya, E. (2024). Hubungan antara kelekatan (attachment) orang tua dengan kecenderungan reaksi emosi anak pada usia 4–5 tahun di PAUD Kaisah Palembang. Journal Genta Mulia, 15(2), 134–139. https://ejournal.stkipbbm.ac.id/index.php/gm

Ramadhanti, D. F., Agustin, M., & Rachmawati, Y. (2021). Hubungan antara kelekatan pada ayah dengan kecerdasan emosional anak usia dini. EduKids: Jurnal Pertumbuhan, Perkembangan, dan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 18(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.17509/edukids.v18i1.24295

Rosso, A. M. (2022). Ability emotional intelligence, attachment models, and reflective functioning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.864446

Santrock, J. W. (2007). Life-span development (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Utama, S. A. (2024). Anak sebagai Poros Generasi Milenial: Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Nomor 5 tahun 2018 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Anak. Journal of Gender and Millennium Development Studies, 1(2), 69–80. https://doi.org/10.64420/jgmds.v1i2.156

Utomo, P., & Pahlevi, R. (2022). Orang tua, anak dan pola asuh: studi kasus tentang pola layanan dan bimbingan keluarga terhadap pembentukan karakter anak. Jurnal Hawa: Studi Pengarus Utamaan Gender dan Anak, 4(1), 91-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/hawapsga.v4i1.4741




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/hawapsga.v7i1.8747

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Cicilia Hanurawati, Aini Loita, Anggi Maulana Rizqi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

LICENSE TERMS: 

 Creative Commons License
Jurnal Hawa: Studi Pengarus Utamaan Gender dan Anak. This is published by UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu and distributed with the permission below Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. 

Disclaimer: Jurnal Hawa : Studi Pengarus Utamaan Gender dan Anak articles published by UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu have been previewed and authenticated by the Authors before publication. The Journal, Editor and the editorial board are not entitled or liable to either justify or responsible for inaccurate and misleading data if any. It is the sole responsibility of the Author concerned. Read our Plagiarism Policy and use of this site signifies your agreement to the Terms of Use.

Journal Publishing Office Location:

Pusat publikasi Ilmiah UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu, LPP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu

Address: Jl. Raden Fatah, Pagar Dewa Kota Bengkulu 38211, Bengkulu, Sumatra Indonesia. Email: hawa@mail.uinfasbengkulu.ac.id