Penafsiran Shalat Terbaik bagi Perempuan, di Masjid/Mushalah atau Rumah; Ijtihad Kejumudan, dan Inovasi

Abstract

Abstrak

Tulisan ini meneliti penafsiran hadist shalat terbaik bagi perempuan di rumah atau di masjid  dengan menggunakan kajian ijtihad, inovasi, dan kejumudan pada abad 21. Diawali dengan meneliti definisi ijtihad dari pendapat para ulama terdahulu dan mengontekskannya pada situasi saat ini serta inovasi-inovasi seperti tersedianya mushalah pada tempat umum. Pada saat yang sama, ijtihad dan inovasi tersebut disandingkan dengan kejumudan tafsir shalat terbaik bagi perempuan di rumah. Temuannya, masjid bertambah banyak, rata-rata ada 3–15 masjid/mushalah dalam radius setiap 2 km di lingkungan antara Sawangan–Depok dan Pamulang–Tangerang Selatan. Tempat publik seperti mall, telah menempatkan masjid/mushalah tidak lagi di parkir atau basement bawah. Walaupun masjid atau mushalah telah banyak dibangun di sekitar tempat tinggal, perempuan tetap tidak shalat di masjid/mushalah, alasannya tempat terbaik shalat bagi perempuan di rumah dari ceramah ustadz. Tetapi, perempuan yang datang ke mall melaksanakan shalat di muslahah mall dan bukan di rumahnya. Dilain pihak, hadist shalat di masjid bagi perempuan ternyata jauh lebih banyak dan shahih. Untuk itu, perlu ijtihad baru agar tidak ada kejumudan dalam menafsirkan shalat terbaik bagi perempuan di rumah sehingga masjid/mushalah menjadi kosong jamaah perempuan dan mall menjadi ramai pengunjung perempuan.

Abstract

This research narrates the definition of ijtihad, innovation, and stagnation by using interpretations the best of prayer at home or at mosque for women as material for testing ijtihad, innovation, and stagnation in the 21st century. It begins by examining the definition of ijtihad from the opinions of previous scholars and contextualizing it in the current situation and innovations that occur, such as building prayer rooms in public facilities. But unfortunately, this innovation is coupled with the emergence of the best prayer interpretation for women at home. The findings are that mosques with at least an average of 3-15 mosques/mushalah within a radius of every 2 km in the community. Likewise, public places such as malls now place mosques/prayer rooms no longer in the parking lot or lower basement. However, even though many mosques or prayer rooms have been built around where they live, women still do not go to the mosque/mushalah, because they tought the best place to pray for women is at home by following ustadz lecturer. However, women who come to the mall pray in the mall prayer room and not at home. In fact, more hadiths about praying in mosques for women than at home with shahih/accurate hadist. So a new ijtihad is needed so that there are no delays and in interpreting the best prayer for women is at home so that mosques/mushalah become empty of female worshipers and malls become crowded with female visitors.