Teologi Rasional dan Sains dalam Islam: Sintesis Ilmiah-Religius Menurut Ibnu Rusyd

Abstract

Ibn Rushd was one of the leading philosophers who sought to harmonize religion, philosophy, and science within the framework of Islamic teachings. He developed a synthesis between theology and science, based on philosophical and theological principles that emphasized reason as the primary means of interpreting revelation and the natural world. This study explores Ibn Rushd's contribution in integrating these three domains and examines the contemporary relevance of his ideas in bringing together religion, philosophy, and science. Utilizing library research methods, data is collected from a variety of sources including academic journals, scholarly articles, and books relevant to the theme. The study yielded several key findings. Among them is Ibn Rushd's statement that reason is not only valid but also a necessary tool to understand divine revelation and the workings of nature. This viewpoint offers a valuable paradigm for revitalizing scientific inquiry in the setting of Islamic education. In addition, Ibn Rushd interprets the verses of the Qur'an to show that the universe was not created from absolute nothingness but from pre-existing matter. He believed that the Qur'an explicitly underlined the creation of nature aimed at humanity, positioning man as a servant (caliph) tasked with acquiring knowledge of the existence and oneness of the Creator.