Ujaran Kebencian Terhadap Artis pada Kolom Komentar Instagram

Tian Rostiawati, Riska Nashirotul Aliyah, Yasir Mubarok, Yuli Iskandari

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran secara menyeluruh mengenai ujaran kebencian yang ditujukan kepada Lesty Kejora (LK) di kolom komentar akun Instagram pribadinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Kerangka teori utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori tindak tutur pragmatik Searle, sedangkan datanya berasal dari tangkapan layar komentar netizen di akun Instagram LK. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat tindak tutur ilokusi yang ditemukan pada 15 data ujaran kebencian di kolom komentar terdapat (7) data dengan tindak tutur ekspresif yang fungsinya mengkritik dan menyalahkan, (4) data dengan tindak tutur asertif dengan fungsi dua data fungsi menyindir, satu data berfungsi menyarankan, satu data berfungsi menyatakan, (2) data dengan tindak tutur deklaratif dengan fungsi yang berfungsi melarang, (2) data dengan tindak tutur direktif yang berfungsi memerintah dan menyuruh. Berdasarkan hasil temuan tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif dengan fungsi sebagai mengkritik ditemukan paling dominan, hal ini terjadi karena banyaknya komentar di kolom Instagram @LK yang mengungkapkan ketidakpuasannya dengan mengkritisi LK karena mencabut laporan KDRT yang diterimanya.

Keywords


ujaran kebencian, sosial media, kolom komentar, ilokusi, Instagram

References


Albadi, N., Kurdi, M., & Mishra, S. (2018). Are They Our Brothers? Analysis and Detection of Religious Hate Speech in The Arabic Twittersphere. 2018 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), 69–76.

Anis, M. Y. (2020). Bentuk dan Latar Belakang Munculnya Hate Speech dalam Bahasa Arab: Analisis Morfologi dan Pragmatik. Aksara, 32(1), 119–134.

Banks, J. (2010). Regulating Hate Speech Online. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 24(3), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2010.522323

Bonotti, M. (2017). Religion, Hate Speech and Non-Domination. Ethnicities, 17(2), 259–274.

Chekol, M. A., Moges, M. A., & Nigatu, B. A. (2023). Social Media Hate Speech in The Walk of Ethiopian Political Reform: Analysis of Hate Speech Prevalence, Severity, and Natures. Information, Communication & Society, 26(1), 218–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1942955

de Silva, A., & Kenyon, A. T. (2022). Countering Hate Speech in Context: Positive Freedom of Speech. Journal of Media Law, 14(1), 97–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/17577632.2022.2083680

Enarsson, T., & Lindgren, S. (2019). Free Speech or Hate Speech? A Legal Analysis of The Discourse About Roma on Twitter. Information & Communications Technology Law, 28(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600834.2018.1494415

Franguloiu, S., & Hegheș, N. E. (2024). A New Approach to Hate Crime and Hate Speech. SCIENTIA, 49.

Franguloiu, S., & Hegheș, N.-E. (2023). Hate Crimes and Hate Speech: A Comparative Study. Scientia Moralitas-International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 8(2), 1–12.

Gorenc, N. (2022). Hate Speech or Free Speech: An Ethical Dilemma? International Review of Sociology, 32(3), 413–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2022.2133406

Graziani, E. (2021). The Language of Politics Between Hate Speech and Hate Crimes. Metabasis. IT, 16(32), 197–210.

Hafit, M. A. (2023). Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Ujaran Kebencian pada Etnis Tionghoa dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia. Jurnal Komposisi, 8(1), 48–55.

Hochmann, T. (2022). Hate Speech Online: The Government as Regulator and As Speaker. Journal of Media Law, 14(1), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/17577632.2022.2085014

Kang, M. (2020). Introduction: How Would Asia and Europe Go Beyond the Hate Speech? Dalam Hate Speech in Asia and Europe (hlm. 1–4). Routledge.

Kang, M., Rive-Lasan, M., Kim, W., Hall, P., & Park, S. (2020). Hate Speech in Asia and Europe. London: Routledge.

Kim, J. Y., & Kesari, A. (2021). Misinformation and Hate Speech: The Case of Anti-Asian Hate Speech During The COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Online Trust and Safety, 1(1).

Kohl, U. (2022). Platform Regulation of Hate Speech–A Transatlantic Speech Compromise? Journal of Media Law, 14(1), 25–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/17577632.2022.2082520

Kurniasih, D. (2019). Ujaran Kebencian di Ruang Publik: Analisis Pragmatik pada Data Pusat Studi Agama dan Perdamaian (PSAP) Solo Raya. Jurnal Studi Agama dan Masyarakat, 15(1), 49–57.

Li, J., & Ning, Y. (2022). Anti-Asian Hate Speech Detection via Data Augmented Semantic Relation Inference. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 16, 607–617.

Matamoros-Fernández, A., & Farkas, J. (2021). Racism, Hate Speech, and Social Media: A Systematic Review and Critique. Television & new media, 22(2), 205–224.

Nurik, C. (2019). “Men Are Scum”: Self-Regulation, Hate Speech, and Gender-Based Censorship on Facebook. International Journal of Communication, 13, 21.

Ortega-Sánchez, D., Blanch, J. P., Quintana, J. I., Cal, E. S. de la, & de la Fuente-Anuncibay, R. (2021). Hate Speech, Emotions, and Gender Identities: A Study of Social Narratives on Twitter With Trainee Teachers. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(8), 4055.

Peršak, N. (2022). Criminalising Hate Crime and Hate Speech at EU level: Extending the List of Eurocrimes under Article 83 (1) TFEU. Criminal Law Forum, 33(2), 85–119.

Piazza, J. A. (2020). Politician Hate Speech and Domestic Terrorism. International Interactions, 46(3), 431–453. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2020.1739033

Riany, M. P., Manurung, N. S., & Hakiem, H. (2022). Ujaran Kebencian Terhadap Islam di YouTube di Indonesia Periode Januari-Juni 2021. Da’watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting, 2(4), 184–198.

Sap, M., Card, D., Gabriel, S., Choi, Y., & Smith, N. A. (2019). The Risk of Racial Bias in Hate Speech Detection. Proceedings of the 57th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics, 1668–1678.

Sholihatin, E. (2019). Linguistik Forensik dan Kejahatan Berbahasa. Pustaka Pelajar.

Siyuan, C. (2023). Regulating online hate speech: the Singapore experiment. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2023.2295091

Solovev, K., & Pröllochs, N. (2022). Hate Speech in The Political Discourse on Social Media: Disparities Across Parties, Gender, and Ethnicity. Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2022, 3656–3661.

Woods, F. A., & Ruscher, J. B. (2021). Viral Sticks, Virtual Stones: Addressing Anonymous Hate Speech Online. Patterns of Prejudice, 55(3), 265–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/0031322X.2021.1968586

Zamri, N. A. K., Mohamad Nasir, N. A., Hassim, M. N., & Ramli, S. M. (2023). Digital Hate Speech and Othering: The Construction of Hate Speech from Malaysian Perspectives. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10(1), 2229089. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2229089




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/disastra.v6i2.3462

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Tian Rostiawati, Riska Nashirotul Aliyah, Yasir Mubarok, Yuli Iskandari

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Disastra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia

disastra@mail.uinfasbengkulu.ac.id

Universitas Islam Negeri Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu
Jl. Raden Fatah Kel. Pagar Dewa Kec. Selebar Kota Bengkulu, Indonesia

Disastra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia is indexed by:


DISASTRA: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia ini diterbitkan oleh UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu dan Disebarluaskan dengan perijinan dibawah Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)