HUBUNGAN FILSAFAT ILMU DALAM PENGEMBANGAN HUKUM ISLAM: PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH

Abstract

This paper discusses the relationship between philosophy of science and Islamic law from a historical perspective, focusing on the contributions of Muslim scientists and their influence on the development of legal thought. This research shows that between the 8th and 14th centuries, the Islamic world became a center of knowledge that gave birth to influential scientists, such as Al-Khwarizmi and Ibn Sina, who not only created practical discoveries, but also shaped the scientific methodology that became the basis for modern thought. Philosophy of science plays an important role in providing a systematic framework for the development of Islamic law, allowing interaction between legal norms derived from the Qur'an and Hadith with deep philosophical thinking. This research explores the evolution of Islamic legal thought, which is not only normative, but also responsive to social change, as seen in the application of the principle of ijtihad by various madhhabs. Through a historical and comparative approach, this paper explores the phases of development of Islamic law from the early period to the contemporary era, as well as the importance of integrating philosophy in addressing modern social issues, including human rights and gender. Thus, this research argues that a deep understanding of the philosophy of science and Islamic legal thought is essential to understand the dynamics of law in the modern world, as well as to create a just and equitable legal system for society.