Kesultanan Turki Usmani: Kontribusi Peradaban Islam di Eropa

Yurna Yanti, Arbi Arbi

Abstract


The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest caliphates in Islamic history, standing from the 13th century to the early 20th century. As a dominant political and military power, the Ottoman Empire played an important role in spreading Islamic civilization to various regions, including Europe. This study aims to examine the contribution of the Ottoman Empire to the development of Islamic civilization in Europe, especially in the fields of science, architecture, culture, and diplomatic relations. The research method used is a library study by reviewing various literature and related historical sources. The results of the study show that the Ottoman Empire had a significant influence on the development of science through the establishment of educational institutions and scientific centers. In addition, the distinctive Islamic architecture can be seen from the construction of magnificent mosques in various areas under its control. In the field of culture, there was an acculturation between Islamic and local traditions which resulted in a unique cultural wealth. Regarding diplomatic relations, the Ottoman Empire succeeded in resolving political and trade relations with various European countries. In conclusion, the Ottoman Empire made a great contribution to expanding and expanding the scope of Islamic civilization in Europe, the traces of which can still be seen today.

 

Kesultanan Turki Usmani merupakan salah satu kekhalifahan terbesar dan terlama dalam sejarah Islam yang berdiri dari abad ke-13 hingga awal abad ke-20. Sebagai sebuah kekuatan politik dan militer yang dominan, Kesultanan Turki Usmani memainkan peran penting dalam menyebarkan peradaban Islam ke berbagai wilayah, termasuk Eropa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kontribusi Kesultanan Turki Usmani dalam perkembangan peradaban Islam di Eropa, khususnya dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan, arsitektur, budaya, dan hubungan diplomatik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan mengkaji berbagai literatur dan sumber sejarah terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kesultanan Turki Usmani memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan melalui pendirian lembaga pendidikan dan pusat kajian ilmiah. Selain itu, arsitektur Islam yang khas terlihat dari pembangunan masjid-masjid megah di berbagai wilayah yang dikuasai. Dalam bidang budaya, terjadi akulturasi antara tradisi Islam dan lokal yang menghasilkan kekayaan budaya yang unik. Adapun dalam hubungan diplomatik, Kesultanan Turki Usmani berhasil menjalin hubungan politik dan perdagangan dengan berbagai negara Eropa. Kesimpulannya, Kesultanan Turki Usmani memberikan kontribusi yang besar dalam memperkaya dan memperluas cakupan peradaban Islam di Eropa, yang jejaknya masih dapat dilihat hingga saat ini.

 

 


Keywords


Kesultanan Turki Usmani; Peradaban Islam; Eropa; Ilmu Pengetahuan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/ttjksi.v10i1.7639

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